S-400
IOC: Saturday, April 28, 2007
Total Production: 18
Also Known As
SA-21 Growler (NATO codename)
Triumf
Origin
Russia
Contractor/s
Almaz-Antey Concern
Derived from:
S-300PMU1
SAM & ABM Missiles:
48N6E2 (48)
48N6E3 (48)
9M96E
9M96E2
S-400 anti-AWACS missile
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Description:
The S-400 Triumf, SA-21 Growler NATO-codename, is a state-of-the-art air defense system based upon the proven S-300 surface-to-air missile (SAM) system from the Soviet era. It has been designed to replace existing S-200 and S-300 systems used by the Russian Armed Forces. Some reports suggest that the Russian Army seeks to deploy the S-400 as the sole medium- and long-range ground-based SAM system in their inventory. The Triumf is able to counter saturation attacks with superior simultaneous target engagement capability than any other existing version of S-300 SAM system in heavy clutter and jamming environments. It can engage up to 10 airborne targets simultaneously providing guidance for 20 missiles, two missiles per target to maximize kill probability, compared with S-300's six targets and 12 missiles.
The Triumf extended range air defense system has been designed to engage a wide spectrum of airborne threats at ranges of up to 250 kilometers including electronic warfare (EW) aircraft, strategic bombers, tactical fighter aircraft, strike aircraft, cruise missiles, airborne early warning aircraft such as NATO's E-3 Sentry, tactical ballistic missiles, intermediate-range ballistic missiles (IRBMs) and other hypersonic threats projected by at least 2030. To do so, it relies on the 48N6E2 missile introduced with the S-300PMU2 SAM system and the newest 48N6E3 missile featuring a range of 250 kilometers and enhanced capability against IRBM missiles. In its anti-ballistic missile (ABM) role, the 48N6E3 missile can engage ballistic missiles with a maximum range of 3,500 km flying at 4,800 meters per second at distances between 7 to 60 kilometers.
The S-400 SAM system comprises a 55K6E command post, eight to 12 5P85SE2 launch vehicles carrying either four 48N6E3 or 48N6E2 surface-to-air missiles, 91N6E surveillance and tracking radar system, 92N6E multi-role fire control radar system, 5P85TE2 re-supply vehicles and several support vehicles. The surveillance radar system has a maximum detection range of 600 kilometers compared to 300 km on the S-300. All the items are mounted on high mobility wheeled chassis with an average life cycle of 20 years. These vehicles can be transported using airlift aircraft, train and/or vessels. The S-400's radar systems feature enhanced performance against small and stealth targets such as Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAVs) and low-observable aircraft such as the F-22 and F-35 fighters.
The 9M96 is an extremely maneuverable surface-to-air missile intended to engage both air breathing and ballistic threats at ranges of up to 120 km. A 400 kilometers range missile could have been developed under the S-400 program to engage large, low maneuverable aircraft such as E-3 AWACS, tanker and military transport aircraft. These aircrafts are highly valuable assets for the kind of air warfare carried out by the United States of America Armed Forces and its NATO allies, thus the importance of shooting them down with an specific missile. The 9M96 and 400 km missile existence remains uncertain but may form the basis of an upgraded S-400 system. It is rumored that the S-400 will also be the basis for the future Russian surface ship's advanced air defense system (S-400F?).
The S-400 entered service with the Russian Armed Forces on April 28, 2007, replacing the S-300 air defense system. As of September 2008, Russia has two systems already in active duty. The Russian Army plans call for the fielding of 18 by 2020 as the backbone of its surface-to-air missile capabilities.
Specifications
Performance: Max Detection Range 600 km (324 nm), SetUp Time 3 min, Target's Max Altitude 30,000 m (98,425 ft), Target's Max Speed 4,800 mps (Mach 14.46), Target's Min Altitude 10 m (33 ft), Weapon Max Range 250 km (135 nm), Weapon Min Range 2 km (1 nm)
Other: Engaged Aerial Targets 10 with 20 missiles
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Russia / 18 
Russia plans to deploy 18 S-400 systems/regiments through 2020. Each system consists of a command center and eight launchers with 32 missiles.